2014 ROBERT WOODS AUTO JERSEY PATCH /5 Select Stars rare refractor relic as-rw

  
Check out my other new & used items>>>>> HERE! A very limited, game-worn jersey patch card with autograph. 2014 ROBERT WOODS "SELECT STARS" CARD IN SLEEVE & TOP LOADER CASE. Card features a colorful refractor/prizm effect, on-sticker autograph, and piece of game-worn jersey from Buffalo Bills' now with L. Rams star wide receiver, Robert Woods (#10).

We are unsure but the jersey piece appears to include part of a Nike logo - very cool! AS-RW (2014 Panini - Select Football).

Card basically went from pack to sleeve and top loader case so it looks great. Both sleeve and top loader case have been previously used. ALL PHOTOS AND TEXT ARE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OF SIDEWAYS STAIRS CO.

Robert Thomas Woods (born April 10, 1992) is an American football wide receiver for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at USC, where he was recognized as a consensus All-American. He was drafted by the Buffalo Bills in the second round of the 2013 NFL Draft... Woods was born in Gardena, California on April 10, 1992. He attended and played high school football and ran track at Junípero Serra High School in Gardena, California, where he was a teammate of George Farmer and Marqise Lee.

[1] In his junior year, in 2008, Woods had 81 receptions for 1,378 yards and 19 touchdowns to go along with 15 carries for 124 rushing yards on offense. He also had 87 tackles, seven interceptions, and one fumble recovery on defense. In his senior year, in 2009, Woods caught 66 passes for 1,112 yards, had five carries for 70 yards, and had 96 total tackles along with eight interceptions and a forced fumble on defense for the Serra Cavaliers. [3] In his senior year, his team won the CIF Northwestern Division Championship defeating west coast power house Oaks Christian, ending their winning streak at 34.

His team would then play and beat Marin Catholic 2420 to win the CIF Division 3 state championship and complete the season undefeated 150. [4] They ranked fifth in the West according to USA Today. [5] Following his senior season, Woods was recognized as a USA Today high school All-American and played in the 2010 U. As an accomplished sprinter, Woods was a 2010 All-USA high school track & field selection by USA Today. He recorded personal bests of 21.04 seconds in the 200 meter dash, and 46.17 seconds in the 400 meter dash. [6] Woods' 400 meters time of 46.17 ranked him #11 on the 2010 World Junior list, #4 in the USA. [7] At the 2010 CIF California State Meet, Woods finished runner-up in the 400 metres to Joshua Mance in a photo finish. [8] He placed third in the 200 metres, behind Remontay McClain and Davonte Stewart. He had career-bests of 21.04 seconds in the 200 metres and 46.17 seconds in the 400 metres. 11 prospect overall and No.

6 overall recruit, and the No. [10] He accepted a scholarship to attend the University of Southern California. Woods played college football for the USC Trojans football from 2010 to 2012 under head coach Lane Kiffin.

Woods was an immediate contributor for the Trojans as a freshman. [13] On September 18, against Minnesota, he had his first collegiate touchdown on a 97-yard kickoff return. [14] On September 25, against Washington State, he had his first collegiate receiving touchdown, a 11-yard reception from quarterback Matt Barkley.

[15] On October 9, he had a breakout performance with 12 receptions for 224 receiving yards and three receiving touchdowns against Stanford. [16] In his next game, he had seven receptions for 116 receiving yards and two receiving touchdowns against California. [17] Overall, he finished his freshman season with 65 receptions for 792 receiving yards and six receiving touchdowns.

Woods started his sophomore season with a strong performance against Minnesota with 17 receptions for 177 receiving yards and three receiving touchdowns. [20] On September 24, in a game at Arizona State, he had eight receptions for 131 receiving yards. [21] In the following game, against Arizona, Woods had a stellar performance with 14 receptions for 255 receiving yards and two receiving touchdowns. [22] On October 22, against Notre Dame, he had 12 receptions for 119 receiving yards and two receiving touchdowns. [23] On November 4, against Colorado, he had nine receptions for 130 receiving yards and two receiving touchdowns.

[24] On November 19, he had seven receptions for 53 receiving yards and two receiving touchdowns against Oregon. [25] The next week, against UCLA, he had 12 receptions for 113 receiving yards and two receiving touchdowns. [26] Overall, he finished his sophomore season with 111 receptions for 1,292 receiving yards and 15 receiving touchdowns.

[27] He led the Pac-12 in receptions and receiving touchdowns and finished fourth in the conference in receiving yards. [28] As a result of his stellar sophomore season, Woods was one of three finalists for the 2011 Biletnikoff Award and Maxwell Award.

[29] In addition, he was named as a Consensus All-American. [31] In the next game, against Syracuse, he had 10 receptions for 93 receiving yards and two receiving touchdowns. [32] Over the next four games, he had 20 receptions for 225 receiving yards and one receiving touchdown. On October 20, against Colorado, he had eight receptions for 132 receiving yards and four receiving touchdowns.

[33] In the final five games of the season, he finished with 30 receptions for 357 receiving yards and two receiving touchdowns. [34] Woods declared for the 2013 NFL Draft after his junior season.

The following table lists Woods' career statistics:[36]. Prior to his junior season in April 2012, Woods was projected a top five prospect and ranked as the top wide receiver prospect in the next NFL Draft. [37][38] By mid-season, Woods' draft projection fell to the late first round, due to his declining role in the Trojans' offense and the emergence of Marqise Lee. 6 ft 0 38 in. All values from NFL Combine[39].

The Buffalo Bills drafted Woods in the second round (41st overall) of the 2013 NFL Draft. Woods was the fifth wide receiver drafted and was the first of two wide receivers selected by the Bills in 2013, before third round pick (78th overall) Marquise Goodwin. 2013 season: Rookie year[edit]. Throughout training camp, Woods competed to be the secondary starting wide receiver against T.

[43][44] Head coach Doug Marrone named Stevie Johnson and Woods the starting wide receivers to begin the regular season. Woods made his professional regular season debut and first NFL start in the season-opener against the New England Patriots and caught his first NFL touchdown on an 18-yard pass from quarterback E. Manuel in their 2321 loss. The touchdown also marked his first career reception. [46] In Week 9, Woods caught four passes for 44 receiving yards before exiting in the third quarter of a 2313 loss to the Kansas City Chiefs due to an ankle injury.

He remained inactive for the next two games (Weeks 1011). [47] On December 15, 2013, Woods caught a season-high five passes for 82 yards and scored his third touchdown of the season during a 2720 road victory over the Jacksonville Jaguars.

On December 22, Woods was ejected for throwing a punch at safety Reshad Jones after the two engaged in a tussle during the Bills' 190 win against the Miami Dolphins. Woods finished his rookie season with 40 receptions for 587 receiving yards and three touchdowns in 14 games and 14 starts. During training camp, Woods competed to retain his role as a starting wide receiver against Mike Williams and Chris Hogan. [51] Doug Marrone named Woods and rookie Sammy Watkins as the starting wide receivers to begin the regular season, although Mike Williams started at wide receiver in all four preseason games.

On November 24, Woods caught a season-high nine passes for 118 yards and a touchdown during a 383 victory against the New York Jets in Week 14. The game took place at Ford Field in Detroit due to a snowstorm in New York.

Woods finished his second season with a career-high 65 receptions for 699 receiving yards and five touchdowns in 16 games and 15 starts. [54] He finished second on the team in all three categories and also recorded four combined tackles on special teams. On January 1, 2015, Bills head coach Doug Marrone chose to opt out of his contract and resigned from his head coaching position. [56] On January 13, the Bills announced their decision to hire former New York Jets' head coach Rex Ryan as their new head coach. [57] Woods competed against Percy Harvin to be the No.

2 starting wide receiver during training camp. [58] Ryan named Woods the third wide receiver on the Bills' depth chart to start the regular season in 2015, behind Sammy Watkins and Percy Harvin. Woods replaced Harvin in the starting lineup after Harvin was placed on injured reserve due to a season-ending knee injury.

[59] On October 25, 2015, Woods caught a season-high nine passes for 84 yards and a touchdown during a 3431 loss at the Jacksonville Jaguars in Week 7. In Week 14, Woods made five receptions for a season-high 106 yards in the Bills' 2620 loss at the Philadelphia Eagles. [60] On December 22, 2015, the Bills officially placed Woods on injured reserve after he aggravated a groin injury he sustained during training camp.

His injury sidelined him for the last two games (Weeks 1617) of the regular season. [61][62] Woods finished his first season under new offensive coordinator Greg Roman with 47 receptions for 552 receiving yards and three touchdowns in 14 games and nine starts. Woods entered training camp as a starting wide receiver in 2016. [64] Rex Ryan retained Woods and Sammy Watkins as the starting wide receiver tandem to begin the regular season in 2016.

[65] Woods was inactive during the Bills' Week 7 loss at the Miami Dolphins due to a foot injury. [66] On November 7, 2016, Woods caught a season-high ten passes for 162 yards during a 3125 loss at the Seattle Seahawks in Week 9. Woods was sidelined for two games (Weeks 1213) due to a knee injury. [67] He finished his fourth season with 51 receptions for 613 receiving yards and a touchdown in 13 games and ten starts. Woods entered training camp slated as the No.

Head coach Sean McVay named Woods and Sammy Watkins the starting wide receivers to begin the regular season. On September 21, 2017, Woods caught six passes for 108 yards in the Rams' 4139 victory at the San Francisco 49ers on Thursday Night Football in Week 3. In Week 8, he had four catches for 70 yards and caught two touchdowns during a 5117 win at the New York Giants. The performance marked Woods' first multi-touchdown game of his career.

On November 12, 2017, Woods caught eight passes for a season-high 171 receiving yards and two touchdowns in a 337 victory against the Houston Texans in Week 9. [71] During the game, Woods caught a 94-yard touchdown reception to set a franchise record for the longest touchdown reception since 1964. [62][72] It was the most receiving yards by a Rams player since Torry Holt had 200 receiving yards in a 2003 game against the San Francisco 49ers.

[73] [74] On November 19, 2017, Woods caught a season-high eight passes for 81 yards during a 247 loss at the Minnesota Vikings in Week 11. Woods sustained a shoulder injury in the fourth quarter and was inactive for the next three games (Weeks 1214). [75] Head coach Sean McVay decided to rest Woods, along with multiple starters, for the Rams' Week 17 loss to the San Francisco 49ers in preparation for the playoffs.

[76] Woods finished his first season with the Los Angeles Rams with 56 receptions for a career-high 781 receiving yards and five touchdown receptions in 12 games and 11 starts. The Rams finished the 2017 season with an 115 record, clinching the NFC West. [78] On January 6, 2018, Woods started in his first playoff game and caught a game-high nine passes for 142 yards during the Rams' 2613 home loss to the Atlanta Falcons in the Wild Card Round. 1 wide receiver and started alongside Cooper Kupp and offseason acquisition Brandin Cooks. [80] On September 23, 2018, Woods caught ten receptions for 104 receiving yards and two touchdowns in a 3523 victory over the Los Angeles Chargers in Week 3.

[81] In the next game, a 3831 victory over the Minnesota Vikings in Week 4, he had five receptions for 101 receiving yards and a touchdown. [82] During a Week 6 victory over the Denver Broncos, he had seven receptions for 109 yards. [83] During Week 14 against the Chicago Bears, Woods caught seven passes for 61 yards as the Rams lost 15-6. [84] Woods reached 1,000 receiving yards for the season for the first time in his career in this game. He finished the 2018 season with 86 receptions for 1,219 receiving yards and six receiving touchdowns. [85] In the playoffs, Woods helped the Rams defeat the Dallas Cowboys in the Divisional Round with six receptions for 69 receiving yards in the 30-22 home victory. [86] Woods had six receptions for 33 receiving yards as the Rams defeated the New Orleans Saints on the road in overtime by a score of 2623 in the NFC Championship to reach Super Bowl LIII where they faced the New England Patriots. [87] In the Super Bowl, Woods recorded five catches for 70 receiving yards and one carry for five yards but the Rams lost by a score of 13-3 in the lowest-scoring Super Bowl in history.

In week 4 against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Woods caught 13 passes for 164 yards in the 55-40 loss. The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league consisting of 32 teams, divided equally between the National Football Conference (NFC) and the American Football Conference (AFC). The NFL is one of the four major professional sports leagues in North America and the highest professional level of American football in the world. [3] The NFL's 17-week regular season runs from early September to late December, with each team playing 16 games and having one bye week. Following the conclusion of the regular season, six teams from each conference (four division winners and two wild card teams) advance to the playoffs, a single-elimination tournament culminating in the Super Bowl, which is usually held on the first Sunday in February and is played between the champions of the NFC and AFC.

The NFL was formed in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association (APFA) before renaming itself the National Football League for the 1922 season. After initially determining champions through end-of-season standings, a playoff system was implemented in 1933 that culminated with the NFL Championship Game until 1966. Following an agreement to merge the NFL with the American Football League (AFL), the Super Bowl was first held in 1967 to determine a champion between the best teams from the two leagues and has remained as the final game of each NFL season since the merger was completed in 1970. Today, the NFL has the highest average attendance (67,591) of any professional sports league in the world[4] and is the most popular sports league in the United States.

[5] The Super Bowl is also among the biggest club sporting events in the world, [6] with the individual games accounting for many of the most watched television programs in American history and all occupying the Nielsen's Top 5 tally of the all-time most watched U. The Green Bay Packers hold the most combined NFL championships with 13, winning nine titles before the Super Bowl era and four Super Bowls afterwards. Since the creation of the Super Bowl, the Pittsburgh Steelers and New England Patriots both have the most championship titles at six. The Patriots are the NFL's current champions following their victory over the Los Angeles Rams in Super Bowl LIII...

Main article: History of the National Football League. On August 20, 1920, a meeting was held by representatives of the Akron Pros, Canton Bulldogs, Cleveland Indians, and Dayton Triangles at the Jordan and Hupmobile auto showroom in Canton, Ohio. Another meeting was held on September 17, 1920 with representatives from teams from four states: Akron, Canton, Cleveland, and Dayton from Ohio; the Hammond Pros and Muncie Flyers from Indiana; the Rochester Jeffersons from New York; and the Rock Island Independents, Decatur Staleys, and Racine (Chicago) Cardinals from Illinois. [10] The league was renamed to the American Professional Football Association (APFA).

[9] The league elected Jim Thorpe as its first president, and consisted of 14 teams (the Buffalo All-Americans, Chicago Tigers, Columbus Panhandles, and Detroit Heralds joined the league during the year). The Massillon Tigers from Massillon, Ohio was also at the September 17 meeting, but did not field a team in 1920. Only two of these teams, the Decatur Staleys (now the Chicago Bears) and the Chicago Cardinals (now the Arizona Cardinals), remain. Although the league did not maintain official standings for its 1920 inaugural season and teams played schedules that included non-league opponents, the APFA awarded the Akron Pros the championship by virtue of their 803 (8 wins, 0 losses, and 3 ties) record.

[12] The first event occurred on September 26, 1920 when the Rock Island Independents defeated the non-league St. Paul Ideals 480 at Douglas Park. [8][13] On October 3, 1920, the first full week of league play occurred. [14][15] The following season resulted in the Chicago Staleys controversially winning the title over the Buffalo All-Americans. [16] On June 24, 1922, the APFA changed its name to the National Football League (NFL).

In 1932, the season ended with the Chicago Bears (616) and the Portsmouth Spartans (614) tied for first in the league standings. [19] At the time, teams were ranked on a single table and the team with the highest winning percentage (not including ties, which were not counted towards the standings) at the end of the season was declared the champion; the only tiebreaker was that in the event of a tie, if two teams played twice in a season, the result of the second game determined the title (the source of the 1921 controversy). This method had been used since the league's creation in 1920, but no situation had been encountered where two teams were tied for first. The league quickly determined that a playoff game between Chicago and Portsmouth was needed to decide the league's champion.

The teams were originally scheduled to play the playoff game, officially a regular season game that would count towards the regular season standings, at Wrigley Field in Chicago, but a combination of heavy snow and extreme cold forced the game to be moved indoors to Chicago Stadium, which did not have a regulation-size football field. Playing with altered rules to accommodate the smaller playing field, the Bears won the game 90 and thus won the championship. Fan interest in the de facto championship game led the NFL, beginning in 1933, to split into two divisions with a championship game to be played between the division champions. [20] The 1934 season also marked the first of 12 seasons in which African Americans were absent from the league.

The de facto ban was rescinded in 1946, following public pressure and coinciding with the removal of a similar ban in Major League Baseball. The NFL was always the foremost professional football league in the United States; it nevertheless faced a large number of rival professional leagues through the 1930s and 1940s. Rival leagues included at least three separate American Football Leagues and the All-America Football Conference (AAFC), on top of various regional leagues of varying caliber.

Three NFL teams trace their histories to these rival leagues, including the Los Angeles Rams (who came from a 1936 iteration of the American Football League), the Cleveland Browns and San Francisco 49ers (the last two of which came from the AAFC). By the 1950s, the NFL had an effective monopoly on professional football in the United States; its only competition in North America was the professional Canadian football circuit, which formally became the Canadian Football League (CFL) in 1958. With Canadian football being a different football code than the American game, the CFL established a niche market in Canada and still survives as an independent league. A new professional league, the fourth American Football League (AFL), began play in 1960.

The two leagues announced a merger on June 8, 1966, to take full effect in 1970. In the meantime, the leagues would hold a common draft and championship game. The game, the Super Bowl, was held four times before the merger, with the NFL winning Super Bowl I and Super Bowl II, and the AFL winning Super Bowl III and Super Bowl IV.

[22] After the league merged, it was reorganized into two conferences: the National Football Conference (NFC), consisting of most of the pre-merger NFL teams, and the American Football Conference (AFC), consisting of all of the AFL teams as well as three pre-merger NFL teams. Today, the NFL is considered[clarification needed] the most popular sports league in North America; much of its growth is attributed to former Commissioner Pete Rozelle, who led the league from 1960 to 1989. Overall annual attendance increased from three million at the beginning of his tenure to seventeen million by the end of his tenure, and 400 million global viewers watched 1989's Super Bowl XXIII. [24] The NFL established NFL Properties in 1963. The league's licensing wing, NFL Properties earns the league billions of dollars annually; Rozelle's tenure also marked the creation of NFL Charities and a national partnership with United Way.

[24] Paul Tagliabue was elected as commissioner to succeed Rozelle; his seventeen-year tenure, which ended in 2006, was marked by large increases in television contracts and the addition of four expansion teams, [25] as well as the introduction of league initiatives to increase the number of minorities in league and team management roles. [26] The league's current Commissioner, Roger Goodell, has focused on reducing the number of illegal hits and making the sport safer, mainly through fining or suspending players who break rules. [27] These actions are among many the NFL is taking to reduce concussions and improve player safety. Main article: List of National Football League seasons. From 1920 to 1934, the NFL did not have a set number of games for teams to play, instead setting a minimum. The league mandated a 12-game regular season for each team beginning in 1935, later shortening this to 11 games in 1937 and 10 games in 1943, mainly due to World War II. The NFL went to a 14-game schedule in 1961, which it retained until switching to the current 16-game schedule in 1978. [29] Proposals to increase the regular season to 18 games have been made, but have been rejected in labor negotiations with the National Football League Players Association (NFLPA). The NFL operated in a two-conference system from 1933 to 1966, where the champions of each conference would meet in the NFL Championship Game. If two teams tied for the conference lead, they would meet in a one-game playoff to determine the conference champion. In 1967, the NFL expanded from 15 teams to 16 teams. Instead of just evening out the conferences by adding the expansion New Orleans Saints to the seven-member Western Conference, the NFL realigned the conferences and split each into two four-team divisions. The four division champions would meet in the NFL playoffs, a two-round playoff. [31] The NFL also operated the Playoff Bowl (officially the Bert Bell Benefit Bowl) from 1960 to 1969. Effectively a third-place game, pitting the two conference runners-up against each other, the league considers Playoff Bowls to have been exhibitions rather than playoff games.

The league discontinued the Playoff Bowl in 1970 due to its perception as a game for losers. Following the addition of the former AFL teams into the NFL in 1970, the NFL split into two conferences with three divisions each.

The expanded league, now with twenty-six teams, [23] would also feature an expanded eight-team playoff, the participants being the three division champions from each conference as well as one'wild card' team (the team with the best win percentage) from each conference. In 1978, the league added a second wild card team from each conference, bringing the total number of playoff teams to ten, and a further two wild card teams were added in 1990 to bring the total to twelve. When the NFL expanded to 32 teams in 2002, the league realigned, changing the division structure from three divisions in each conference to four divisions in each conference. See also: History of the NFL Commissioner. At the corporate level, the National Football League considers itself a trade association made up of and financed by its 32 member teams. [34] Up until 2015, the league was an unincorporated nonprofit 501(c)(6) association. [35] Section 501(c)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code provides an exemption from federal income taxation for Business leagues, chambers of commerce, real-estate boards, boards of trade, or professional football leagues (whether or not administering a pension fund for football players), not organized for profit and no part of the net earnings of which inures to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual.

The league has three defined officers: the commissioner, secretary, and treasurer. The commissioner is elected by affirmative vote of two-thirds or 18 (whichever is greater) of the members of the league, while the president of each conference is elected by an affirmative vote of three-fourths or ten of the conference members. [40] The commissioner appoints the secretary and treasurer and has broad authority in disputes between clubs, players, coaches, and employees.

He is the "principal executive officer"[41] of the NFL and also has authority in hiring league employees, negotiating television contracts, disciplining individuals that own part or all of an NFL team, clubs, or employed individuals of an NFL club if they have violated league bylaws or committed "conduct detrimental to the welfare of the League or professional football". In extreme cases, the commissioner can offer recommendations to the NFL's Executive Committee up to and including the "cancellation or forfeiture"[41] of a club's franchise or any other action he deems necessary. The commissioner can also issue sanctions up to and including a lifetime ban from the league if an individual connected to the NFL has bet on games or failed to notify the league of conspiracies or plans to bet on or fix games. [41] The current Commissioner of the National Football League is Roger Goodell, who was elected in 2006 after Paul Tagliabue, the previous commissioner, retired. NFL revenue is from three primary sources: NFL Ventures (merchandising), NFL Enterprises (NFL Network and NFL Sunday Ticket, which the league controls), and the television contract.

The league distributes such revenue equally among teams, regardless of performance. Most NFL teams' financial statements are secret.

According to economist Richard D. Wolff, the NFL's revenue model is in contravention of the typical corporate structure. By redistributing profits to all teams the NFL is ensuring that one team will not dominate the league through excessive earnings. [44] Roger Noll described the revenue sharing as the league's "most important structural weakness", however, as there is no disincentive against a team playing badly and the largest cost item, player salaries, is capped. See also: List of defunct National Football League franchises.

Bills Dolphins Patriots Jets Ravens Bengals Browns Steelers Texans Colts Titans Broncos Chiefs Chargers Raiders Cowboys Giants Eagles Redskins Bears Lions Packers Vikings Falcons Panthers Saints Buccaneers Jaguars Cardinals Rams 49ers Seahawks. Map all coordinates using: OpenStreetMap. Download coordinates as: KML · GPX. The NFL consists of 32 clubs divided into two conferences of 16 teams in each.

Each conference is divided into four divisions of four clubs in each. During the regular season, each team is allowed a maximum of 53 players on its roster;[45] only 46 of these may be active (eligible to play) on game days. [46] Each team can also have a 10-player practice squad separate from its main roster, but the practice squad may only be composed of players who were not active for at least nine games in any of their seasons in the league. A player can only be on a practice squad for a maximum of three seasons. Each NFL club is granted a franchise, the league's authorization for the team to operate in its home city.

This franchise covers'Home Territory' (the 75 miles surrounding the city limits, or, if the team is within 100 miles of another league city, half the distance between the two cities) and'Home Marketing Area' (Home Territory plus the rest of the state the club operates in, as well as the area the team operates its training camp in for the duration of the camp). Each NFL member has the exclusive right to host professional football games inside its Home Territory and the exclusive right to advertise, promote, and host events in its Home Marketing Area.

There are several exceptions to this rule, mostly relating to teams with close proximity to each other: the San Francisco 49ers and Oakland Raiders only have exclusive rights in their cities and share rights outside of it; and teams that operate in the same city e. New York City and Los Angeles or the same state e. California, Florida, and Texas share the rights to the city's Home Territory and the state's Home Marketing Area, respectively. Every NFL team is based in the contiguous United States. Although no team is based in a foreign country, the Jacksonville Jaguars began playing one home game a year at Wembley Stadium in London, England, in 2013 as part of the NFL International Series.

[49] The Jaguars' agreement with Wembley was originally set to expire in 2016, but has since been extended through 2020. [50] The Buffalo Bills played one home game every season at Rogers Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, as part of the Bills Toronto Series from 2008 to 2013. Mexico also hosted an NFL regular-season game, a 2005 game between the San Francisco 49ers and Arizona Cardinals known as "Fútbol Americano", [51] and 39 international preseason games were played from 1986 to 2005 as part of the American Bowl series. [52] The Raiders and Houston Texans played a game in Mexico City at Estadio Azteca on November 21, 2016. [54] Also, all 32 NFL teams rank among the Top 50 most valuable sports teams in the world;[55] and 14 of the NFL's owners are listed on the Forbes 400, the most of any sports league or organization.

The 32 teams are organized into eight geographic divisions of four teams each. These divisions are further organized into two conferences, the National Football Conference and the American Football Conference. The two-conference structure has its origins in a time when major American professional football was organized into two independent leagues, the National Football League and its younger rival, the American Football League.

The leagues merged in the late 1960s, adopting the older league's name and reorganizing slightly to ensure the same number of teams in both conferences. Panini is an Italian company headquartered in Modena, Italy, named after the Panini brothers who founded it in 1961. [1] The company produces books, comics, magazines, stickers, trading cards and other items through its collectibles and publishing subsidiaries. [2][3] Panini distributes its own products, and products of third party providers. New Media operates Panini's on-line applications, and generates income through content and data sales.

[7] Forming a partnership with FIFA in 1970, Panini published its first FIFA World Cup sticker album for the 1970 World Cup. [8][9] Since then, collecting and trading stickers has become part of the World Cup experience, especially for the younger generation. As of 2019, Panini has license rights of football international competitions such as FIFA World Cup, UEFA Champions League and Copa América, as well as domestic leagues including Premier League, [13] Spanish La Liga, [14] Italian Serie A, [15] and Argentine Primera División[16] among others...

Pelé trading card from the Mexico 70 series, Panini's first FIFA World Cup collection. Benito and Giuseppe Panini were operating a newspaper distribution office in Modena, Italy in 1960, when they found a collection of figurines (stickers attached with glue) that a Milan company was unable to sell. Having had success with the figurines Giuseppe founded Panini in 1961 to manufacture and sell his own figurines.

Benito joined Panini the same year. [17] Umberto Panini died on 29 November 2013 at the age of 83. The company became well known in the 1960s for its football collections, which soon became popular with children.

Rare stickers (figurine) can reach very high prices on the collectors' market. Some popular games were invented which used stickers as playing cards. In 1970 Panini began publishing L'Almanacco Illustrato del Calcio Italiano (The Illustrated Guide to Italian Football), after purchasing the rights from publishing house Carcano. [8] Initiating a craze for collecting and trading stickers, Panini's stickers were an instant hit, with The Guardian stating in the UK the tradition of swapping duplicate [World Cup] stickers was a playground fixture during the 1970s and 1980s. [10][21] Another first for Panini, in the early 1970s, was introducing self-adhesive stickers; as opposed to using glue.

Diego Maradona trading card issued by Panini for the 1986 World Cup. In 1986 Panini created a museum of figurines which they donated to the city of Modena in 1992. [22][23] Panini begins assembling each World Cup squad for their sticker album a few months before they are officially announced by each nation, which means surprise call ups often do not feature in their album. A notable example of this was 17-year-old Brazilian striker Ronaldo who was called up for the Brazil squad for the 1994 FIFA World Cup.

In May 2006, Panini partnered with The Coca-Cola Company and Tokenzone to produce the first virtual sticker album for the 2006 FIFA World Cup. The album was viewable in at least 10 different languages, such as Portuguese, Dutch, English, French, German, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Korean and Spanish. [26] Panini developed an app for the 2018 World Cup where fans could collect and swap virtual stickers.

[27] Five million people gathered digital stickers for the 2018 World Cup. Sticker trade in Brazil for Panini's 2018 World Cup sticker album.

The classic football stickers today are complemented by the collectible card game Adrenalyn XL, introduced in 2009. In 2010 Panini released a UEFA Champions League edition of Adrenalyn XL, containing 350 cards from 22 of the competing clubs, including defending champions FC Barcelona. The fourth edition of Panini FIFA 365 Adrenalyn XL was released for 2019, featuring top clubs, teams and players. In January 2009, Panini acquired an exclusive licence to produce NBA trading cards and stickers effective with the 2009-10 NBA season. With it, Panini inherited Donruss' NFL and NFLPA licences.

Panini at the Comic Con Germany 2018. In March 2010, Panini acquired a licence from the NHL and NHLPA. [32] The 2010-11 ice hockey season was the first in five years that more than one company, with Upper Deck producing their own NHL cards.

[33] In July 2010, Panini acquired a licence to create an official sticker collection for the Olympic and Paralympic Games in London 2012. In 2014, Panini made cards for that year's FIFA World Cup, and did the same for the 2018 edition, albeit with price hikes for packets across the world. [35] Dubbed the Panini Cheapskates, in 2018 a UK couple won fans all over the world by filling in their 2018 World Cup sticker album by drawing in each player. [36] Panini (Along With Bandai) were distributors of the 2012 English dub of the 2011 Spanish television series Jelly Jamm. During the 2018 World Cup, Panini produced an average of 8 and 10 million card packages per day.

[37] In 2018, Panini signed a deal with English Premier League to produce cards under license since the 201920 season. Some of Panini's releases in 2019 include collections of movies Avengers: Endgame[39] and Toy Story 4. [40] and the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup. Superstars Kobe Bryant (left) and Cristiano Ronaldo signed exclusive deals with Panini in 2009 and 2015, respectively.

In January 2009, the National Basketball Association (NBA) announced Panini would become the exclusive trading card partner of the league beginning with the 200910 season. The company continued to operate out of Irving, Texas, with much of the existing upper management. Panini signed an exclusive agreement with five-time NBA champion Kobe Bryant of the Los Angeles Lakers as its official company spokesman and global trading card ambassador in 2009.

Bryant's special affiliation to Panini goes back to his time growing up in Italy where he collected Italian football stickers. [21][42] In March 2010, the National Hockey League Players' Association (NHLPA) and National Hockey League (NHL) granted the Panini Group a multi-year trading card license, marking the third major sports license that The Panini Group had secured since establishing a presence in the U. This subsidiary holds official licenses for NBA, NFL, FIFA, The Collegiate Licensing Company, Disney, DreamWorks and Warner Bros.. Panini also has exclusive partnerships with Pop Warner Little Scholars, Inc. The Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, and Pro Football Hall of Fame. Giuseppe Panini, the eldest brother and the founder of this business, and a collector himself, financed the creation of the Raccolte Fotografiche Modenesi (Modena's photographic collections), an archive of more than 300,000 photographs and a similar number of postcards, describing the life of the city and the evolution of photographic art. The Buffalo Bills are a professional American football team based in the BuffaloNiagara Falls metropolitan area. The Bills compete in the National Football League (NFL), as a member club of the league's American Football Conference (AFC) East division.

The team plays their home games at New Era Field in Orchard Park, New York. The Bills are the only NFL team that plays its home games in the state of New York. [6] The Bills conduct summer training camp at St. John Fisher College in Pittsford, New York, an eastern suburb of Rochester. The Bills began play as an original franchise of the American Football League (AFL) in 1960.

The club joined the NFL as a result of the AFLNFL merger for the 1970 season. The 1964 and 1965 Bills were the only teams representing Buffalo that won major league professional sports championships ("back-to-back" American Football League Championships). The Bills are the only team to win four consecutive conference championships and are the only NFL team to lose four consecutive Super Bowl games. The team was owned by Ralph Wilson from the team's founding in 1960, until his death in 2014 at the age of 95.

After his death, Wilson's estate reached an agreement to sell the team to Terry and Kim Pegula, which was approved by the other NFL team owners on October 8, 2014. [8] The Bills formerly possessed the longest active playoff drought in any of the four major professional sports in North America: they did not qualify to play in the NFL playoffs from 1999 until 2017 and were the last NFL team (and last team in the major North American professional sports leagues overall) to qualify for the playoffs for the first time in the 21st century...

Main articles: History of the Buffalo Bills and List of Buffalo Bills seasons. The Bills began competitive play in 1960 as a charter member of the American Football League led by head coach Buster Ramsey and joined the NFL as part of the AFLNFL merger in 1970. [11] The Bills won two consecutive American Football League titles in 1964 and 1965 with quarterback Jack Kemp and coach Lou Saban, but the club has yet to win a league championship since. Once the AFLNFL merger took effect, the Bills became the second NFL team to represent the city; they followed the Buffalo All-Americans, a charter member of the league.

Buffalo had been left out of the league since the All-Americans (by that point renamed the Bisons) folded in 1929; the Bills were no less than the third professional non-NFL team to compete in the city before the merger, following the Indians/Tigers of the early 1940s and an earlier team named the Bills, originally the Bisons, in the late 1940s in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC). Following the AFLNFL merger, the Bills were generally mediocre in the 1970s, but featured All-Pro running back O. After being pushed to the brink of failure in the mid-1980s, the collapse of the United States Football League and a series of highly drafted players such as Jim Kelly (who initially played for the USFL instead of the Bills), Thurman Thomas, and Bruce Smith allowed the Bills to rebuild into a perennial contender in the late 1980s through the mid-1990s, a period in which the team won four consecutive AFC Championships; the team nevertheless lost all four subsequent Super Bowls, records in both categories that still stand. The rise of the division rival New England Patriots under Tom Brady, along with numerous failed attempts at rebuilding in the 2000s and 2010s, prevented the Bills from reaching the playoffs in seventeen consecutive seasons between 2000 and 2016, a 17-year drought that was the longest active playoff drought in all major professional sports at the time. It was broken when the Bills secured a wild-card berth on December 31, 2017. On October 8, 2014, Buffalo Sabres owners Terry and Kim Pegula received unanimous approval to acquire the Bills during the NFL owners' meetings, becoming the second ownership group of the team after team founder Ralph Wilson. In 1947 a contest was held to rename the AAFC Bisons, which was owned by James Breuil of the Frontier Oil Company. The winning entry suggested "Bills", reflecting on the famous western frontiersman, Buffalo Bill Cody. Carrying the "frontier" theme further, the winning contestant offered the team was being supported by Frontier Oil and was opening a new frontier in sports in Western New York.

When Buffalo joined the new American Football League in 1960, the name of the city's earlier pro football entry was adopted. The Bills' uniforms in its first two seasons were based on those of the Detroit Lions at the time. The team's original colors were Honolulu blue, silver and white, and the helmets were silver with no striping. There was no logo on the helmet, which displayed the players' numbers on each side. In 1962, the standing red bison was designated as the logo and took its place on a white helmet.

[3] In 1962, the team's colors also changed to red, white, and blue. The team switched to blue jerseys with red and white shoulder stripes similar to those worn by the Buffalo Bisons AHL hockey team of the same era. The helmets were white with a red center stripe. [3] The jerseys again saw a change in 1964 when the shoulder stripes were replaced by a distinctive stripe pattern on the sleeves consisting of four stripes, two thicker inner stripes and two thinner outer stripes all bordered by red piping.

By 1965, red and blue center stripes were put on the helmets. The Bills introduced blue pants worn with the white jerseys in 1973, the last year of the standing buffalo helmet. The blue pants remained through 1985. [15] The face mask on the helmet was blue from 1974 through 1986 before changing to white. The standing bison logo was replaced by a blue charging one with a red slanting stripe streaming from its horn.

The newer emblem, which is still the primary one used by the franchise, was designed by aerospace designer Stevens Wright in 1974. In 1984, the helmet's shell color was changed from white to red, primarily to help Bills quarterback Joe Ferguson distinguish them more readily from three of their division rivals at that time, the Baltimore Colts, the Miami Dolphins, and the New England Patriots, who all also wore white helmets at that point. Ferguson said Everyone we played had white helmets at that time. Our new head coach Kay Stephenson just wanted to get more of a contrast on the field that may help spot a receiver down the field.

[18] The Patriots now use a silver helmet, the Colts have since been realigned to the AFC South, and the New York Jets have since switched back to green-colored helmets as of the 2019 NFL season. In 2002, under the direction of general manager Tom Donahoe, the Bills' uniforms went through radical changes. A darker shade of blue was introduced as the main jersey color, and nickel gray was introduced as an accent color. Both the blue and white jerseys featured red side panels.

The white jerseys included a dark blue shoulder yoke and royal blue numbers. The helmet remained primarily red with one navy blue, two nickel, two royal blue, two white stripes, and white face mask.

A new logo, a stylized "B" consisting of two bullets and a more detailed buffalo head on top, was proposed and had been released (it can be seen on a few baseball caps that were released for sale), but fan backlash led to the team retaining the running bison logo. The helmet logo adopted in 1974a charging royal blue bison, with a red streak, white horn and eyeballremained unchanged. In 2005, the Bills revived the standing bison helmet and uniform of the mid-1960s as a throwback uniform. The Bills usually wore the all-blue combination at home and the all-white combination on the road when not wearing the throwback uniforms. They stopped wearing blue-on-white after 2006, while the white-on-blue was not worn after 2007. For the 2011 season, the Bills unveiled a new uniform design, an updated rendition of the 197583 design. This change includes a return to the white helmets with "charging buffalo" logo, and a return to royal blue instead of navy. Buffalo sporadically wore white at home in the 1980s, but stopped doing so before their Super Bowl years. On November 6, 2011, against the New York Jets, the Bills wore white at home for the first time since 1986. Since 2011, the Bills have worn white for a home game either with their primary uniform or a throwback set. The Bills' uniform received minor alterations as part of the league's new uniform contract with Nike. The new Nike uniform was unveiled on April 3, 2012. On November 12, 2015, the Bills and the New York Jets became the first two teams to participate in the NFL's Color Rush uniform initiative, with Buffalo wearing an all-red combination for the first time in team history. A notable use of the Bills' uniforms outside of football was in the 2018 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships, when the United States men's national junior ice hockey team wore Bills-inspired uniforms in their outdoor game against Team Canada on December 29, 2017. The Los Angeles Rams are a professional American football team based in Los Angeles, California. The Rams compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the National Football Conference (NFC) West division. The club has won three NFL championships, and is the only one to win championships representing three cities Cleveland in 1945, Los Angeles in 1951, and St.

The Rams play their home games at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, until the completion of SoFi Stadium in Inglewood in 2020. The franchise began in 1936 as the Cleveland Rams, based in Cleveland, Ohio.

The club was owned by Homer Marshman and featured players such as William "Bud" Cooper, Harry "The Horse" Mattos, Stan Pincura, and Mike Sebastian. [5] Damon "Buzz" Wetzel joined as general manager. The franchise moved to Los Angeles in 1946 following the 1945 NFL Championship Game victory, making way for Paul Brown's Cleveland Browns of the All-America Football Conference and becoming the only NFL championship team to play the following season in another city.

The club played their home games at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum before moving into a reconstructed Anaheim Stadium in Orange County in 1980. The Rams left California and moved to St. Louis, Missouri, following the 1994 NFL season.

Five seasons after relocating, the team won Super Bowl XXXIV in a 2316 victory over the Tennessee Titans. They then appeared in Super Bowl XXXVI, where they lost 2017 to the New England Patriots. The Rams played in St. Louis until the end of the 2015 NFL season, when they filed notice with the NFL of their intent to relocate back to Los Angeles. The Rams appeared in Super Bowl LIII, where they lost to the New England Patriots 133 in a rematch of Super Bowl XXXVI... Further information: History of the Cleveland Rams. The Cleveland Rams were founded in 1936 by Ohio attorney Homer Marshman and player-coach Damon Wetzel, a former Ohio State star who also played briefly for the Chicago Bears and Pittsburgh Pirates. Wetzel, who served as general manager, selected the "Rams", because his favorite college football team was the Fordham Rams from Fordham University; Marshman, the principal owner, also liked the name choice. [9] The team was part of the newly formed American Football League and finished the 1936 regular season in second place with a 522 record, trailing only the 83 record of league champion Boston Shamrocks. The Rams joined the National Football League on February 12, 1937, and were assigned to the Western Division.

[10] The Rams would be the fourth in a string of short-lived teams based in Cleveland, following the Cleveland Tigers, Cleveland Bulldogs, and Cleveland Indians. From the beginning, they were a team marked by frequent moves, playing in three stadiums over several losing seasons. However, the team featured the Most Valuable Player of the 1939 season, rookie halfback Parker Hall. In June 1941, the Rams were bought by Dan Reeves and Fred Levy Jr. Levy's family owned the Levy Brothers department store chain in Kentucky and he also came to own the Riverside International Raceway.

Levy owned part of the Rams, with Bob Hope another of the owners, until Reeves bought out his partners in 1962. The franchise suspended operations and sat out the 1943 season because of a shortage of players during World War II and resumed playing in 1944. [14] The team finally achieved success in 1945, which was their last season in Ohio. Adam Walsh took over as head coach that season.

Quarterback Bob Waterfield, a rookie from UCLA, passed, ran, and place-kicked his way to the league's Most Valuable Player award and helped the Rams achieve a 91 record and win their first NFL Championship, a 1514 home field victory over the Washington Redskins on December 16. The margin of victory was provided by a safety: Redskins great Sammy Baugh's pass bounced off the goal post, then backward, through his team's own end zone. The next season, NFL rules were changed to prevent this from ever again resulting in a score; instead, it would merely result in an incomplete pass.

First Los Angeles Rams era (19461994). Further information: History of the Los Angeles Rams.

19461948: Starting over in Los Angeles. On January 12, 1946, Reeves was denied a request by the other NFL owners to move the Cleveland Rams to Los Angeles and the then-103,000-seat Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. [16] He threatened to end his relationship with the NFL and get out of the professional football business altogether unless the transfer to Los Angeles was permitted. [16][17][18] A settlement was reached and, as a result, Reeves was allowed to move his team to Los Angeles. [16][19][20][21] Consequently, the NFL became the first professional coast-to-coast sports entertainment industry.

From 1933, when Joe Lillard left the Chicago Cardinals, through 1946, there were no black players in professional American football. [22] After the Rams had received approval to move to Los Angeles, they entered into negotiations to lease the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. The Rams were advised that a precondition to them getting a lease was that they would have to integrate the team with at least one African-American; the Rams agreed. [23][24][25][26] Subsequently, the Rams signed Kenny Washington on March 21, 1946. [27][28][29] The signing of Washington caused "all hell to break loose" among the owners of the NFL franchises.

[30] The Rams added a second black player, Woody Strode, on May 7, 1946, giving them two black players going into the 1946 season. The Rams were the first team in the NFL to play in Los Angeles the 1926 Los Angeles Buccaneers represented L. But were strictly a traveling team, but they were not the only professional football team to play its home games in the Coliseum between 1946 and 1949. The upstart All-America Football Conference had the Los Angeles Dons compete there as well.

Reeves was taking a gamble that Los Angeles was ready for its own professional football team and suddenly there were two in the City of Angels. Reeves was proven to be correct when the Rams played their first pre-season game against the Washington Redskins in front of a crowd of 95,000 fans.

The team finished their first season in L. With a 641 record, second place behind the Chicago Bears. At the end of the season Walsh was fired as head coach. The Coliseum was home for the Rams for more than 30 years, but the facility was already over 20 years old on the day of the first kickoff. In 1948, halfback Fred Gehrke painted horns on the Rams' helmets, making the first helmet emblem in pro football.

[31] Late in 1949, the Dons were folded into the Rams when the All-America Football Conference ceased operations. Elroy Hirsch spent nine seasons with the Los Angeles Rams from 1949 to 1957. The Rams' first heyday in Southern California was from 1949 to 1955, when they played in the pre-Super Bowl era NFL Championship Game four times, winning once in 1951. During this period, they had the best offense in the NFL, even though there was a quarterback change from Bob Waterfield to Norm Van Brocklin in 1951. The defining offensive players of this period were wide receiver Elroy Hirsch, Van Brocklin and Waterfield.

Teamed with fellow Hall of Famer Tom Fears, Hirsch helped create the style of Rams football as one of the first big play receivers. During the 1951 championship season, Hirsch posted a stunning 1,495 receiving yards with 17 touchdowns.

The popularity of this wide-open offense enabled the Los Angeles Rams to become the first pro football team to have all their games televised in 1950. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the Rams went from being the only major professional sports franchise in Southern California and Los Angeles to being one of five. The Los Angeles Dodgers moved from Brooklyn in 1958, the Los Angeles Chargers of the upstart AFL was established in 1960, the Los Angeles Lakers moved from Minneapolis in 1960, and the Los Angeles Angels were awarded to Gene Autry in 1961. In spite of this, the Rams continued to thrive in Southern California. In the first two years after the Dodgers moved to California, the Rams drew an average of 83,681 in 1958 and 74,069 in 1959. The Rams were so popular in Los Angeles that the upstart Chargers chose to relocate to San Diego rather than attempt to compete with the immensely popular Rams. The Los Angeles Times put the Chargers plight as such: Hilton [the Chargers owner at the time] quickly realized that taking on the Rams in L. Was like beating his head against the wall.

During this time, the Rams were not as successful on the field as they had been during their first decade. The team's combined record from 1957 to 1964 was 24351.408, but the Rams continued to fill the cavernous Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum on a regular basis. While the National Football League's average attendance ranged from the low 30,000s to the low 40,000s during this time, the Rams were drawing anywhere from 10,000 to 40,000 fans more than the league average. In 1957, the Rams set the all-time NFL attendance record that stood until 2006 and broke the 100,000 mark twice during the 1958 campaign.

The 1960s were defined by the great defensive line of Rosey Grier, Merlin Olsen, Deacon Jones, and Lamar Lundy, dubbed the Fearsome Foursome. It was this group of players who restored the on-field luster of the franchise in 1967 when the Rams reached (but lost) the conference championship under head coach George Allen. That 1967 squad became the first NFL team to surpass one million spectators in a season, a feat the Rams repeated the following year. In each of those two years, the L.

Rams drew roughly double the number of fans that could be accommodated by their current stadium for a full season. George Allen led the Rams from 1966 to 1970 and introduced many innovations, including the hiring of a young Dick Vermeil as one of the first special teams coaches. Though Allen would enjoy five straight winning seasons and win two divisional titles in his time with the Rams he never won a playoff game with the team, losing in 1967 to Green Bay 287 and in 1969 2320 to Minnesota.

Allen would leave after the 1970 season to take the head coaching job for the Washington Redskins. The Rams playing against the Vikings in the 1977 NFC Divisional Playoffs. Quarterback Roman Gabriel played eleven seasons for the Rams from 1962 to 1972. From 1967 to 1971, Gabriel led the Rams to either a first- or second-place finish in their division every year. He was voted the MVP of the NFL in 1969, for a season in which he threw for 2,549 yards and 24 TDs while leading the Rams to the playoffs. During the 1970 season, Gabriel combined with his primary receiver Jack Snow for 51 receptions totaling 859 yards. This was the best of their eight seasons as teammates. The Rams remained solid contenders in the 1970s, winning seven straight NFC West championships between 1973 and 1979. Though they clearly were the class of the NFC in the 1970s along with the Dallas Cowboys and Minnesota Vikings, they lost the first four conference championship games they played in that decade, losing twice each to Minnesota (1974, 1976) and Dallas (1975, 1978) and failing to win a league championship. Jack Youngblood giving his Pro Football Hall of Fame induction speech in 2001.

The Rams' head coach for this run was Chuck Knox, who led the team through 1977. His teams featured unremarkable offenses carried into the playoffs annually by elite defensive units. The defining player of the 1970s L. Youngblood was called the'Perfect Defensive End' by fellow Hall of Famer Merlin Olsen.

His toughness was legendary, notably playing on a broken leg during the Rams' run to the 1980 Super Bowl. His blue-collar ethic stood in opposition to the perception that the Rams were a soft'Hollywood' team. However, several Rams players from this period took advantage of their proximity to Hollywood and crossed over into acting after their playing careers ended. Most notable of these was Fred Dryer, who starred in the TV series Hunter from 1984 to 1991, as well as Olsen, who retired after 1976, starred in Little House on the Prairie.

During the 1977 offseason, the Rams, looking for a veteran quarterback, acquired Joe Namath from the Jets. In spite of a 2-1 start to the regular season, Namath's bad knees rendered him nearly immobile and after a Monday night defeat in Chicago, he never played again. With Pat Haden at the helm, the Rams won the division and advanced to the playoffs, but lost at home to Minnesota.

Chuck Knox left for the Bills in 1978, after which Ray Malavasi became head coach. Going 12-4, the team won the NFC West for the sixth year in a row and defeated the Vikings, thus avenging their earlier playoff defeat. However, success eluded them again as they were shut out in the NFC Championship by the Cowboys.

1979: First Super Bowl appearance. Main article: 1979 Los Angeles Rams season. It was the Rams' weakest divisional winner (an aging 1979 team that only achieved a 9-7 record) that achieved the team's greatest success in that period. Led by third-year quarterback Vince Ferragamo, the Rams shocked the heavily favored and two-time defending NFC champion Dallas Cowboys 21-19 in the divisional playoffs, then shut out the upstart Tampa Bay Buccaneers 9-0 in the conference championship game to win the NFC and reach their first Super Bowl. Along with Ferragamo, key players for the Rams were halfback Wendell Tyler, offensive lineman Jackie Slater, and Pro Bowl defenders Jack Youngblood and Jack "Hacksaw" Reynolds.

The Rams' opponent in their first Super Bowl was the defending champion Pittsburgh Steelers. The game was a virtual home game for the Rams as it was played in Pasadena at the Rose Bowl.

Although some oddsmakers set the Rams as a 10½ point underdog, the Rams played Pittsburgh very tough, leading at halftime 13-10 and at the end of the third quarter 19-17. In the end, however, the Steelers asserted themselves, scoring two touchdowns in the fourth quarter and shutting down the Rams offense to win their fourth Super Bowl, 31-19. 19801982: The move to Anaheim. The Rams playing in their inaugural season at Anaheim Stadium in 1980.

Prior to the 1979 NFL season, owner Carroll Rosenbloom died in a drowning accident, and his widow, Georgia Frontiere, inherited 70 percent ownership of the team. Frontiere then fired stepson Steve Rosenbloom and assumed total control of Rams operations. As had been planned prior to Rosenbloom's death, the Rams moved from their longtime home at the Coliseum to Anaheim Stadium in nearby Orange County in 1980. Dickerson (29) rushing through the Cowboys' defense in the 1985 NFC Divisional Playoff game. The reason for the move was twofold. First, the NFL's blackout rule in effect then (repealed in 2015) forbade games from being shown on local television if they did not sell out within 72 hours of the opening kickoff. As the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum seated 92,604 at the time, it was rarely possible to sell that many tickets even in the Rams' best years, and so most Rams home games were blacked out. Second, this move was following the population pattern in Southern California. During the 1970s and 1980s, the decline of manufacturing industries in the northeastern United States combined with the desire of many people to live in a warmer climate caused a large-scale population shift to the southern and western states. As a result, many affluent new suburbs were built in the Los Angeles area. Anaheim Stadium was originally built in 1966 to be the home of the California Angels. To accommodate the Rams' move, the ballpark was reconfigured and enclosed to accommodate a capacity of 69,008 in the football configuration. In 1980, the team posted an 11-5 record, but only managed a wild card spot and were sent packing after a loss to the Cowboys. After the 1982 season was shortened to nine games by a strike, the Rams went 2-7, the worst record in the NFC. In 1982, the Oakland Raiders moved to Los Angeles and took up residence in the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. The combined effect of these two moves was to divide the Rams' traditional fan base in two.

This was coupled with the early 1980s being rebuilding years for the club, while the Raiders were winners of Super Bowl XVIII in the 1983 season. Meanwhile, the Los Angeles Lakers won championships in 1980 and 1982 en route to winning five titles in that decade, the Los Angeles Dodgers won the World Series in 1981 and 1988, and even the Los Angeles Kings made a deep run in the playoffs in 1982, and acquired fan interest following the arrival of Wayne Gretzky in 1988. As a result, the Rams declined sharply in popularity during the 1980s, despite being playoff contenders for most of the decade. 19831991: Robinson takes over the Rams and the Dickerson era. Eric Dickerson, one of the best running backs in history, was most famous for his time with the Los Angeles Rams.

In 1984, Dickerson rushed for 2,105 yards in the season, a record that still stands today. The hiring of coach John Robinson in 1983 provided a needed boost for pro football in Orange County. The former University of Southern California coach began by cutting the aged veterans left over from the 1970s teams. His rebuilding program began to show results when the team rebounded to 9-7 in 1983 and defeated Dallas in the playoffs.

However, the season ended after a rout at the hands of the defending champion Redskins. Another trip to the playoffs in 1984 saw them lose to the Giants. They made the NFC Championship Game in 1985 after winning the division, where they were shut out by the eventual champion Chicago Bears 24-0. The most notable player for the Rams during that period was running back Eric Dickerson, who was drafted in 1983 out of Southern Methodist University and won the Rookie of the Year award. In 1984, Dickerson rushed for 2,105 yards, setting an NFL record.

Dickerson ended his five hugely successful years for the Rams in 1987 by being traded to the Indianapolis Colts for a number of players and draft picks after a bitter contract dispute, shortly after the players' strike that year ended. Dickerson was the Rams' career rushing leader until 2010, with 7,245 yards. Despite this trade, the Rams remained contenders due to the arrival of the innovative offensive leadership of Ernie Zampese. Zampese brought the intricate timing routes he had used in making the San Diego Chargers a state-of-the-art offense.

Under Zampese, the Rams rose steadily from 28th rated offense in 1986 to 3rd in 1990. The late 1980s Rams featured a gifted young quarterback in Jim Everett, a solid rushing attack and a fleet of talented wide receivers led by Henry Ellard and Flipper Anderson. After a 10-6 season in 1986, the Rams were booted from the playoffs by Washington.

After one game of the 1987 season was lost to the players' strike, the NFL employed substitutes, most of which were given derogatory nicknames (in this case the Los Angeles Shams). The Rams managed to return in 1988 with a 10-6 record, but then were defeated by Minnesota in the wild card round.

Los Angeles won the first five games of 1989, including a sensational defeat of the defending champion 49ers. They beat the Eagles in the wild card game, then beat the Giants in overtime before suffering a 30-3 flogging at the hands of the 49ers in the NFC Championship Game. Although it wasn't apparent at the time, the 1989 NFC Championship Game was the end of an era.

The Rams did not have another winning season for the rest of their first tenure in Los Angeles before relocating to St. They crumbled to 5-11 in 1990, followed by a 3-13 season in 1991.

19921994: Exit from Southern California. The Rams hosting the Atlanta Falcons at Anaheim Stadium in 1991.

Robinson was fired at the end of the 1991 season. However, the return of Chuck Knox as head coach, after his successful stints as head coach of the Buffalo Bills and Seattle Seahawks, did not boost the Rams' sagging fortunes.

His run-oriented offense marked the end of the Zampese tenure in 1993. Knox' game plans called for an offense that was steady, if unspectacular. Unfortunately for the Rams, Knox's offense was not only aesthetically unpleasing but dull as well, especially by 1990s standards. The Rams finished last in the NFC West during all three years of Knox' second stint, and were never serious contenders during this time. As the losses piled up and the team was seen as playing uninspired football, the Rams' already dwindling fan base was reduced even further.

By 1994, support for the Rams had withered to the point where they were barely part of the Los Angeles sports landscape. With sellouts becoming fewer and far between, the Rams saw more of their games blacked out in Southern California. One of the few bright spots during this time was Jerome Bettis, a bruising running back from Notre Dame. Bettis flourished in Knox' offense, running for 1,429 yards as a rookie, and 1,025 in his sophomore effort.

Anaheim Stadium, the home of the Los Angeles Rams 19801994. As had become increasingly common with sports franchises, the Rams began to blame much of their misfortune on their stadium situation. With Orange County mired in a deep recession resulting largely from defense sector layoffs, the Rams were unable to secure a new or improved stadium in the Los Angeles area, which ultimately cast their future in Southern California into doubt. By 1995, the Rams franchise had withered to a shadow of its former self. Accusations and excuses were constantly thrown back and forth between the Rams fan base, ownership, and local politicians.

Many in the fan base blamed the ownership of Georgia Frontiere for the franchise's woes, while ownership cited the outdated stadium and withering fan support. Frontiere finally gave up and decided to move the Rams franchise to St. Commissioner Paul Tagliabue stated after rejecting the move, This was one of the most complex issues we have had to approach in years. We had to balance the interest of fans in Los Angeles and in St. Louis that we appreciate very much.

In my judgment, they did not meet the guidelines we have in place for such a move. " The commissioner also added: "Once the bridges have been burned and people get turned off on a sports franchise, years of loyalty is not respected and it is difficult to get it back. By the same token, there are millions of fans in that area who have supported the Rams in an extraordinary way. The Rams have 50 years of history and the last 5 or so years of difficult times can be corrected.

However, Frontiere responded with a thinly veiled threat at a lawsuit. The owners eventually acquiesced to her demands, wary of going through a long, protracted legal battle.

Tagliabue simply stated that "The desire to have peace and not be at war was a big factor" in allowing the Rams move to go forward. Jonathan Kraft, son of Patriots owner Robert Kraft, elaborated on the commissioner's remarks by saying that about five or six owners didn't want to get the other owners into litigation, so they switched their votes. Only six franchises remained in opposition to the Rams move from Los Angeles: the Pittsburgh Steelers, New York Giants, New York Jets, Buffalo Bills, Arizona Cardinals who played in St. Louis from 1960 to 1987, and Washington Redskins.

After the vote was over, Dan Rooney publicly stated that he opposed the move of the Los Angeles Rams because I believe we should support the fans who have supported us for years. Further information: History of the St. 19951998: Starting over in St. Marshall Faulk's running abilities, combined with Kurt Warner passing to Isaac Bruce, Torry Holt, and others, forged The Greatest Show on Turf. The 1995 and 1996 seasons, the Rams' first two in St.

Louis, were under the direction of former Oregon Ducks head coach Rich Brooks. Their most prolific player from their first two seasons was the fan favorite Isaac Bruce.

Then in 1997, Dick Vermeil was hired as the head coach. That same year, the Rams traded up in the 1997 NFL draft to select future All-Pro offensive tackle, Orlando Pace.

19992004: The Greatest Show on Turf. Main article: The Greatest Show on Turf. The 1999 season started with quarterback Trent Green injuring his leg in preseason play, which left him sidelined for the entire season; the starting job fell to backup Kurt Warner, who came out of college as an undrafted free agent and whose career had included stints with the Iowa Barnstormers of the Arena Football League and the Amsterdam Admirals of NFL Europe.

Vermeil told the public that the Rams would Rally around Kurt Warner, and play good football. Warner synced up with Marshall Faulk and Isaac Bruce to lead the Rams to one of the most prolific offenses in history, posting 526 points for the season. This was the beginning of what later became known as "The Greatest Show on Turf". Warner shocked the league by throwing for 41 touchdowns. This led the Rams to Super Bowl XXXIV, where they beat the Tennessee Titans, 2316.

[39] Warner was named the Most Valuable Player of the Super Bowl. Following the Rams' win, Vermeil retired, and Vermeil's offensive coordinator Mike Martz was hired as head coach.

[39] He managed to take the Rams to Super Bowl XXXVI, where the team lost to the New England Patriots 2017. Martz helped the Rams establish a pass-first identity that posted an NFL record number of points over the course of three seasons (19992001). However, in the first round in the 2004 draft, the Rams chose Oregon State running back Steven Jackson as the 24th pick of the draft.

Louis Rams on offense during an away game against the San Francisco 49ers. Although the Rams were one of the most productive teams in NFL history at the time, head coach Martz was criticized by many as careless with game management. He often feuded with several players as well as team president and general manager, Jay Zygmunt. However, most of his players respected him and went on record saying that they enjoyed him as a coach.

In 2005, Martz was ill, and was hospitalized for several games, allowing assistant head coach Joe Vitt to coach the remainder of the season. Although Martz was cleared later in the season, team president John Shaw did not allow him to come back to coach the team. After the Rams fired Martz, former Minnesota offensive coordinator Scott Linehan took control of an 88 team in 2006. In 2007, Linehan led the Rams to a 313 record. Following the 2007 season, Georgia Frontiere died on January 18, 2008 after a 28-year ownership that began in 1979.

[40] Ownership of the team passed to her son Dale "Chip" Rosenbloom and daughter Lucia Rodriguez. [41] Chip Rosenbloom was named the new Rams majority owner. [42] Linehan was already faced with scrutiny from several players in the locker room, including Torry Holt and Steven Jackson. Linehan was then fired on September 29, 2008, after the team started the season 04. Jim Haslett, defensive coordinator under Linehan, was interim head coach for the rest of the 2008 season. John Shaw then resigned as president, and personnel chief Billy Devaney was promoted to general manager on December 24, 2008, after the resignation of former president of football operations and general manager Jay Zygmunt on December 22. On January 17, 2009, Steve Spagnuolo was named the new head coach of the franchise. In his previous post as defensive coordinator with the New York Giants, Spagnuolo masterminded a defensive scheme that shut down the potent offense of the previously undefeated and untied New England Patriots, the odds on favorite to win the Super Bowl that year. In one of the greatest upsets in Super Bowl history, the New York Giants defeated the Patriots 1714. In spite of his success as defensive coordinator with the Giants, Spagnuolo's first season as head coach of the Rams was disappointing as the team won only once in 16 attempts.

On May 31, 2009, the St. Louis Post-Dispatch reported that the majority owners Rosenbloom and Rodriguez officially offered their majority share of Rams for sale. Pursuant to NFL rules, owners are prohibited from owning other sports teams in markets where there is already an NFL team. Kroenke, a real estate and sports mogul married to a Walmart heir, also owned Altitude Sports and Entertainment.

[46] These interests violated the NFL's cross-ownership rule. Nevertheless, on August 25, 2010, NFL owners unanimously approved him as the owner of the franchise contingent upon his eventual divestment of his Colorado sports interests.

Kroenke complied with the rule when he transferred ownership of the Nuggets, Avalanche, the Pepsi Center, and the Altitude to his son Josh Kroenke. The Rams received the first pick in the 2010 NFL Draft after finishing the 2009 season with a 115 record. The team used the pick to select quarterback Sam Bradford from the University of Oklahoma. The Rams finished the 2010 season second in the NFC West with a record of 79. Bradford started all 16 games for the Rams after earning the starting position during the preseason.

On October 24, 2010, running back Steven Jackson passed Eric Dickerson as the franchise's career rushing leader. On February 4, 2011, Bradford was named the NFL's Offensive Rookie of the Year. He received 44 out of 50 possible votes from the nationwide panel of media members. The team and fans held high expectations for the upcoming season, but due to injuries to starters and poor execution, the Rams fell to a 214 record for the 2011 season.

On January 2, 2012, head coach Spagnuolo and general manager Devaney were fired. 20122015: Final years in St. Under the terms of the lease that the Rams signed in St. Louis, the Edward Jones Dome was required to be ranked in the top tier of NFL stadiums through the 2015 season. The Rams were free to break the lease and either relocate without penalty or continue to lease the dome on a year-to-year basis. [50][51][52][53] In May 2012, the dome was ranked by Time magazine as the 7th worst major sports stadium in the United States. [54] In a 2008 Sports Illustrated poll, St.

Louis fans ranked it the worst of any NFL stadium with particularly low marks for tailgating, affordability and atmosphere. On January 20, 2012, it was announced that the Rams would play one home game a season at Wembley Stadium in London for each of the next three seasons. The first game was played against the New England Patriots on October 28, 2012. [56] On August 13, 2012, it was announced that the Rams had withdrawn from the 2013 and 2014 games.

At this time, the Rams began negotiations with St. Louis about what steps could be taken to remediate the "top tier" requirement of the lease. Foles had a 14-4 record as starter of the Eagles and an impressive touchdown to interception ratio of 46-17, while Bradford had an 18-30-1 record with the Rams. In the 2015 NFL draft the Rams drafted running back Todd Gurley. After Gurley was drafted, the Rams traded Zac Stacy to the New York Jets on May 2 for a 7th round pick.

[57] Stacy had led the team in rushing in 2013. The stadium "top tier" negotiations failed to produce a solution to keep the Rams in St.

Louis for the long term. On December 17, 2015, the Rams defeated the Tampa Bay Buccaneers 31-23 in their final home game in St.

Louis; their last game as the St. Louis Rams came two weeks later on the road against the San Francisco 49ers before moving back to Los Angeles for the 2016 season. Louis claimed Kroenke, a Missouri native, as well as Kevin Demoff, lied to the fans about their wishes to keep the Rams in St. In his final years, Kroenke was referred to "Silent Stan" as he refused to speak about the team and the potential move.

In a last-ditch effort, St. Louis came up with a viable stadium plan to keep the team, but the NFL and the Rams' position was that the Rams followed the agreed upon remediation process laid out in the Edward Jones Dome lease, and that St. Louis' hastily put together plan shifted too much of the stadium cost to the Rams franchise. Ultimately, the other NFL teams' owners voted to allow the Rams to relocate to Los Angeles. Second Los Angeles Rams era (2016present).

2016: Return to Los Angeles. On January 5, 2015, the Los Angeles Times reported that Kroenke and the Stockbridge Capital Group were partnering to develop a new NFL stadium on an Inglewood property owned by Kroenke. On February 24, 2015, the Inglewood City Council approved the stadium and the initiative with construction on the stadium planned to begin in December 2015.

[58][59] The Rams plan to relocate to their new stadium in Inglewood in 2020, [60] when the stadium will likely be ready. The day following the conclusion of the 2015 regular season, the Rams, Oakland Raiders, and San Diego Chargers all filed to relocate to Los Angeles. [62] On January 12, 2016, the NFL team owners voted 302 to allow the Rams to return to Los Angeles. [63][64] The Rams were the first major league sports team to relocate since 2011 when the National Hockey League's Atlanta Thrashers left Atlanta and became the new Winnipeg Jets.

The team held a press conference at The Forum in Inglewood on January 15, 2016, to announce its return to Los Angeles to start play in the 2016 season and on that day the Rams began a campaign that lasted through February 8 and resulted in more than 56,000 season ticket deposits made. [65] The Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum is the temporary home stadium of the Rams for four seasons (2016 to 2019) until SoFi Stadium is opened for the 2020 season. On February 4, 2016, the Los Angeles Rams selected Oxnard to be the site of their minicamp, offseason team activities, and offseason program that began on April 18.

In March, it was announced that the Rams would be featured on HBO's Hard Knocks. [67] On March 30, California Lutheran University and the Rams reached an agreement that allowed the team to have regular season training operations at CLU's campus for the next two years. The Rams paid for two practice fields, paved parking, and modular buildings constructed on the northwestern corner of the campus. On April 14, 2016, the Rams traded with the Tennessee Titans for the first overall pick in the 2016 NFL draft, along with a fourth and sixth-round pick in the same draft.

To acquire the picks, the Rams traded away their first-round pick, two second-round picks, and a third-round pick in 2016, and their first and third-round picks in the 2017 NFL draft. [70] On April 28, 2016, the Rams made their first selection in the 2016 NFL draft by selecting California quarterback Jared Goff first overall.

In July 2016, the Rams signed a three-year agreement with UC Irvine to use the university's facilities for training camp, with an option to extend it to two more years. On July 29, 2016, the Los Angeles Times reported that the Rams would host their first training-camp practice and "Rams Family Day" on Saturday, August 6 at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, which was open to the public. The Rams played their first game in the Los Angeles area since 1994, a 22-year absence, with a preseason opener against the Dallas Cowboys at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum on August 13.

The Rams won, 2824, in front of a crowd of 89,140, a record attendance for a pre-season game. On September 12, 2016, the Rams played their first regular season game since returning to Los Angeles, where they lost to the San Francisco 49ers 280 at Levi's Stadium. On September 18, in front of over 91,000 fans at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, the Rams beat the Seattle Seahawks 93 in their first home regular season game in Los Angeles since 1994, and their first game at the Coliseum since 1979. On December 12, 2016, the team fired head coach Jeff Fisher after starting the season 49. [73] The team announced later that day that John Fassel would be taking over as interim head coach.

2017: Resurgence and first NFC West title since 2003. On January 12, 2017, Washington Redskins offensive coordinator Sean McVay became the new head coach at the age of 30, which made him the youngest in modern NFL history, surpassing Lane Kiffin who was 31 when hired by the Oakland Raiders in 2007. The Rams began the year 32, much like their previous season in Los Angeles. However, the Rams became a quick surprise in the NFL when they won their next four games in a row, including blowouts of the Arizona Cardinals and New York Giants. The games were highlighted by resurgences of Jared Goff and Todd Gurley, who had mediocre performances in 2016.

New acquisitions Sammy Watkins, Robert Woods and draft selection Cooper Kupp at wide receiver made such big impacts that analysts were comparing the 2017 Rams to the "Greatest Show on Turf" Rams of the late 1990s and early 2000s. After scoring a league-worst 224 points in 2016, the Rams led the league in points scored with 478, the fourth-most in team history. On November 26, 2017, the Rams defeated the New Orleans Saints 2620.

The win was their eighth of the season, which secured the franchise's first non-losing year since 2006, as well as their first in Los Angeles since 1989. A week later, the Rams defeated the Cardinals 3216 to secure a winning season for the first time since the 2003 season. On December 24, 2017, the Rams defeated the Tennessee Titans 2723 to clinch their first NFC West title since 2003, and their first in Los Angeles since 1985; they finished the regular season with an 11-5 record.

However, the team met an early exit in the first round of the playoffs at the hands of the defending conference champion Atlanta Falcons 2613. 2018: NFC Champions and Super Bowl LIII.

In the 2018 off-season, the Rams acquired Marcus Peters from the Kansas City Chiefs. [76] The team dealt Robert Quinn to the Miami Dolphins and Alec Ogletree to the New York Giants, and lost Trumaine Johnson to the New York Jets in free agency before trading for five-time Pro Bowler Aqib Talib from the Denver Broncos. The team continued building a defensively strong squad by signing free agent Ndamukong Suh, further bolstering their pass rush. Many experts and analysts began to label the Rams as a serious Super Bowl contender, and the Rams continued to build for a deep postseason run by picking up wide receiver Brandin Cooks in a trade with the New England Patriots, which replaced the loss of Sammy Watkins to the Chiefs in free agency. The Rams then signed Cooks and running back Todd Gurley to five-year extensions, and offensive tackle Rob Havenstein to a four-year extension.

[77] Donald had been holding out for some time as he had been seeking a new deal, and thus missed training camp for the second season in a row, despite privately training on his own. The Rams opened their 2018 season on September 10 by defeating the Oakland Raiders 3313 on Monday Night Football, scoring 23 unanswered second half points in a game during which head coach McVay took on his former mentor, Jon Gruden, who was making his return to coaching. It was the first of two Monday Night Football appearances for the Rams in the season.

The Rams continued their strong start with three straight wins at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, shutting out the Arizona Cardinals 340 in their home opener in Week 2, defeating the Los Angeles Chargers 3523 in Week 3 and beating the Minnesota Vikings 3831 on Thursday Night Football. Los Angeles then went three-for-three on the road with wins at Seattle (3331), Denver (2320), and San Francisco (3910).

Returning home in Week 8, Los Angeles rallied to defeat the Green Bay Packers 2927 to improve to 80, their best start since 1969. The Rams were the only remaining undefeated team in the NFL in 2018 until losing on the road to the New Orleans Saints in Week 9 at the Mercedes-Benz Superdome. The Rams bounced back with three straight wins, defeating the Seattle Seahawks 3631, and then winning a wild 5451 shootout against the Kansas City Chiefs on Monday Night Football. Following a bye week, the Rams beat the host Detroit Lions 3016 in Week 13 to clinch both a playoff berth and their second straight NFC West title.

Los Angeles stumbled with back-to-back losses to the Chicago Bears and Philadelphia Eagles, but finished strong with victories over the Arizona Cardinals and San Francisco 49ers to clinch a first round bye. [80] The Rams' 133 record tied for the second-most wins in a single season in franchise history and were the most ever for any NFL team in Los Angeles. The Rams began their playoff run by defeating the Dallas Cowboys 3022 in the divisional round to head to the NFC Championship Game for the first time since January 2002.

[81] The following week, the Rams beat the Saints on the road 2623 to advance to the Super Bowl for the first time since Super Bowl XXXVI in January 2002, and since Super Bowl XIV in January 1980 as a Los Angeles team. [8] The game featured a controversial ending: on a third down play inside the final two minutes with the score tied at 20, Rams cornerback Nickell Robey-Coleman made contact with Saints receiver Tommylee Lewis well before a pass from Saints quarterback Drew Brees had arrived.

Additionally, Robey-Coleman delivered a helmet-to-helmet hit, however, no flag was thrown for pass interference or the illegal hit, leading to outrage from Saints players and fans as this denied New Orleans a first down, which would have likely put the game out of reach. After the game, there was speculation but no clear evidence that the pass was tipped. The Rams lost in Super Bowl LIII held at the Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia to the New England Patriots by a score of 133 in the lowest-scoring Super Bowl in history. [7][82] It was the first time in 35 years that a Los Angeles team was featured in a Super Bowl.

Main article: List of Los Angeles Rams seasons. The Rams were the first NFL team to have a logo on their helmets.

When the team debuted in 1937, the Rams' colors were red and black, featuring red helmets, black uniforms with red shoulders and sleeves, tan pants, and red socks with black and white stripes. One year later they switched their team colors to gold and royal blue, with gold helmets, white pants, royal blue uniforms with gold numbers and gold shoulders, white pants with a royal stripe, and solid royal blue socks. By the mid-1940s the Rams had adopted gold jerseys (with navy blue serif numerals, navy blue shoulders, gold helmets, white pants with a gold-navy-gold stripe, and gold socks with two navy stripes). The uniforms were unchanged as the team moved to Los Angeles. The helmets were changed to navy in 1947.

When Gehrke introduced the horns, they were painted yellow-gold on navy blue helmets. In 1949 the team adopted plastic helmets, and the Rams' horns were rendered by the Riddell company of Des Plaines, Illinois, which baked a painted design into the helmet at its factory. Also in 1949 the serif jersey numerals gave way to more standard block numbers. Wider, bolder horns joined at the helmet center front and curving around the earhole appeared in 1950; this design was somewhat tapered in 19541955.

Also in 1950 a blue-gold-blue tri-stripe appeared on the pants and "Northwestern University-style" royal blue stripes were added to jersey sleeves. A white border was added to the blue jersey numerals in 1953. So-called TV numbers were added on jersey sleeves in 1956.

In accordance with a 1957 NFL rule dictating that the home team wear dark, primary-colored jerseys and the road team light shirts, the Rams hurriedly readied for the regular season new royal-blue home jerseys with golden striping and golden front and back numerals with a white border. The white border was removed in 1958. The Rams continued to wear their golden jerseys for 1957 road games, but the following year adopted a white jersey with blue numerals and stripes. In 19621963 the team's road white jersey featured a UCLA-style blue-gold-blue crescent shoulder tri-stripe. In 1964, concurrent with a major remodeling of the team's Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum home, the colors were changed to a simpler blue and white.

The new helmet horns were white, wider, and separated at the helmet center front. The blue jersey had white numerals with two white sleeve stripes.

The white jersey featured blue numerals and a wide blue crescent shoulder stripe. A 1964 league rule allowed teams to wear white jerseys for home games and the Rams were among several teams to do so (the Dallas Cowboys, who introduced their blue-white-silverblue uniform that season, have worn white at home ever since), as owner Dan Reeves felt it would be more enjoyable for fans to see the various colors of the rest of the league as opposed to always having the Rams in blue and the visiting team in white. [88] The pants were white with a thick blue stripe. In 1970, in keeping with the standards of the newly-merged NFL, names appeared on the jersey backs for the first time. The sleeve "TV numbers", quite large compared to those of other teams, were made smaller in 1965.

From 1964 to early 1972 the Rams wore white jerseys for every home league game and exhibition, at one point not wearing their blue jerseys at all from the 10th game of 1967 through the 1971 opener, a stretch of 48 games;[89] it was a tradition that continued under coaches Harland Svare, George Allen, and Tommy Prothro. But new owner Carroll Rosenbloom did not particularly like the Rams' uniforms, so in pursuit of a new look the team wore its seldom-used blue jerseys for most home games in 1972. During that season Rosenbloom's Rams also announced an intention to revive the old blue and gold colors for 1973, and asked fans to send in design ideas. Yellow-gold was restored to the team's color scheme in 1973.

The new uniform design consisted of yellow-gold pants and curling rams horns on the sleeves yellow gold horns curving from the shoulders to the arms on the blue jerseys, which featured golden numerals (a white border around the numerals, similar to the 1957 style, appeared for two preseason games and then disappeared). Players' names were in contrasting white. The white jersey had similarly shaped blue horns, numerals and names. The white jerseys also had yellow gold sleeves.

The gold pants included a blue-white-blue tri-stripe, which was gradually widened through the 1970s and early 1980s. The blue socks initially featured two thin golden stripes in the middle of the blue section; they disappeared upon their move to St. From 1973 to 1976 the Rams were the only team to wear white cleats on the road and royal blue cleats at home; since 1977, they have worn white ones. The new golden helmet horns were of identical shape, but for the first time the horn was not factory-painted but instead a decal applied to the helmet.

The decal was cut in sections and affixed to accommodate spaces for face-mask and chin-strap attachments, and so the horn curved farther around the ear hole. The jersey numerals were made thicker and blunter in 1975. The Rams primarily wore blue at home with this combination, but after 1977 occasionally wore white at home. [90] The team wore its white jerseys for most of its 1978 home dates, including its post-season games with the Minnesota Vikings and the Dallas Cowboys the latter is the only postseason game the Cowboys have ever won while outfitted in their blue jerseys.

The gray face masks became navy blue in 1981. The Rams wore white jerseys exclusively in the 1982 and 1993 seasons, as well as other selected occasions throughout their 15 seasons in Anaheim. On April 12, 2000, the St. Louis Rams debuted new logos, team colors, and uniforms. The Rams' primary colors were changed from royal blue and yellow to Millennium Blue and New Century Gold.

[91] A new logo of a charging ram's head was added to the sleeves and gold stripes were added to the sides of the jerseys. The new gold pants no longer featured any stripes. Blue pants and white pants with a small gold stripe (an extension off the jersey stripe that ended in a point) were also an option with the Rams electing to wear the white set in a pre-season game in San Diego in 2001. The helmet design essentially remained the same as it was in 1948, except for updates to the coloring, navy blue field with gold horns. The 2000 rams' horn design featured a slightly wider separation at the helmet's center. Both home and away jerseys had a gold stripe that ran down each side, but that only lasted for the 2000 and 2001 seasons.

Additionally, the TV numbers on the jerseys, which had previously been on the sleeve, moved up to the shoulder pad. In 2003, the Rams wore blue pants with their white jerseys for a pair of early-season games, but after losses to the New York Giants and Seattle Seahawks, the Rams reverted to gold pants with their white jerseys. In 2005, the Rams wore the blue pants at home against Arizona and on the road against Dallas. In 2007, the Rams wore all possible combinations of their uniforms.

They wore the blue tops and gold pants at home against Carolina, San Francisco, Cleveland, Seattle, and on the road against Dallas. They wore the blue tops and blue pants at home against Arizona, Atlanta, and Pittsburgh on Marshall Faulk night. They wore the blue tops and white pants on the road in Tampa Bay and at home against Green Bay. They wore white tops and gold pants at New Orleans and San Francisco.

They wore white tops and white pants at Seattle and Arizona. And they wore white tops and blue pants at Baltimore and Cincinnati. In 2008, the Rams went away with the gold pants. The gold pants were used for only one regular season game at Seattle.

The blue jerseys with white pants and white jerseys with blue pants combination were used most of the time. For the 2009 season, the Rams elected to wear the white pants with both jerseys for the majority of the time except the games against the Vikings and Texans (see below) where they wore the throwback jerseys from the 1999 season, week 2 in Washington when they wore gold pants with the blue jersey, and week 12 against Seattle when they wore blue pants with the blue jersey. During their time in St. Louis, the Rams had worn blue at home.

Like most other teams playing in a dome, the Rams did not need to wear white to gain an advantage with the heat. The Rams wore their white jerseys and blue pants in St.

Louis against the Dallas Cowboys, on October 19, 2008, forcing the Cowboys to wear their "unlucky" blue uniforms, and won the game 3414. [92] On October 21, 2012, the Rams wore white jerseys and white pants against the Green Bay Packers. The NFL approved the use of throwback uniforms for the club during the 2009 season to celebrate the 10th anniversary of the 1999 Super Bowl championship. The Rams wore the throwback uniforms for two home games in 2009 October 11 against the Minnesota Vikings and December 20 against the Houston Texans. The Rams wore their 1999 throwbacks again on October 31, 2010, when they beat the Carolina Panthers 2010.

The throwbacks have since then seen action for two select regular season games each year since. In 1994, the team's last season in Southern California, the Rams wore jerseys and pants replicating those of their 1951 championship season for their September games with the San Francisco 49ers and Kansas City Chiefs. The Rams' current secondary wordmark, 2016present. On January 15, 2016, the Rams unveiled a new logo. The only change to the team's wordmark logo was the location name, from St.

Louis to Los Angeles, to reflect the team's move. The team's colors were retained. [65] The Rams also announced there would be no significant changes to the team's uniforms, apart from the newly updated logos with the Los Angeles location name. In a March 21, 2016, interview with the Los Angeles Times, team chief operating officer Kevin Demoff said that there would be no uniform change for the team until 2019 (the year that the new stadium was originally planned to open). However, the stadium completion was pushed back one year into 2020 in May 2017, pushing the rebrand back to 2020 along with it.

[94] On August 11, 2016, the team announced on Twitter that it would wear its all-white uniforms for five of the team's eight home games during the 2016 season as a nod to the Fearsome Foursome era; the Rams wore their alternative royal blue throwback jersey for the other two games at the Coliseum and wear their midnight blue jersey at their international home game at Twickenham Stadium. Throughout the 2016 season, the Rams' signage around the stadium, end zones, and other uses of the logo showed a variation that was only colored in blue and white, leading some fans to believe the team's upcoming rebrand would involve gold being completely dropped from the color scheme. For the 2017 season, the Rams announced they would be wearing helmets similar to the Fearsome Foursome era: Millennium blue helmets with white helmet horns and, voted on by fans, a white face mask. [96] Fans also voted for a new pants design, which was a single blue stripe down the side of white pants, as well as an inverse design for road games.

The team also began using the blue and white logo as their primary logo, confirming that they would be phasing out gold from their color scheme (although gold remains on the jerseys due to an NFL rule that teams must have the same jersey design for at least a minimum of five seasons, conflicting with the Rams full rebrand for 2020). The Rams also announced a fan vote via Twitter to decide two home games in which they would wear throwback uniforms. Fans selected the October 8, 2017 game against the Seahawks and the December 31, 2017 game against the 49ers, the same two opponents the Rams wore throwbacks against last season. In their Week 3 road game against the 49ers, the Rams also participated in NFL Color Rush, wearing throwback-style all-yellow uniforms with blue detailing and blue numbers, as well as yellow horns on the helmets and white stripes outlined in blue on the pants. The Rams announced on July 27, 2018 that they would wear their throwback royal blue and yellow primary color uniform for as many as five home games at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum for the 2018 season.

In conjunction with the change, the team retired its navy blue and metallic gold uniform. The Rams' white uniform remains unchanged, and its one alternate uniform is the yellow Color Rush uniform. [97][98] Additionally, the team confirmed their new rebrand would take place in 2020 to coincide with the opening of their new home stadium, SoFi Stadium. An autograph is a person's own signature or handwriting. The term is used particularly in connection with the collecting of autographs of celebrities; the hobby of collecting autographs is known as "philography". What might be considered the oldest "autograph" is a Sumerian clay table from about 3100 BC which includes the name of the scribe Gar. [1] No ancient written autographs have been found, and the earliest one known for a major historical figure is that of El Cid from 1098. "Autograph" can refer to a document transcribed entirely in the handwriting of its author, as opposed to a typeset document or one written by an amanuensis or a copyist.

This meaning overlaps that of "holograph"... The word comes from Ancient Greek , autós, "self" and , gráph, "write". A rugby ball signed by all of the All Blacks 2006 Tri Nations Series squad. Some of the most popular categories of autograph subjects are presidents, military soldiers, athletes, movie stars, artists, social and religious leaders, scientists, astronauts, and authors.

Some collectors may specialize in specific fields (such as Nobel Prize winners) or general topics (military leaders participating in World War I) or specific documents i. Signers of the Charter of the United Nations; signers of the U. Constitution; signers of the Israeli Declaration of Independence; signers of the Charter of the European Common Union; signers of the World War II German or Japanese surrender documents. The collection of autographs is in decline with fans preferring selfies instead.

Some celebrities still enjoy signing autographs for free for fans. This is one of the main reasons why some celebrities will only distribute their signatures for a price. [4] Bill Russell does not sign at all in public, and only sparingly at private sessions. Michael Jordan reportedly did not sign for most of his career because of safety concerns about frenzied attempts to get his signature, which is worth hundreds of dollars. Jordan has frequently signed at more peaceful events, such as golf tournaments.

Pete Rose was paid to sign 30 baseballs with the inscription I'm sorry I bet on baseball. "[5][6] In the 1980s, actor/comedian Steve Martin carried business cards which he handed out to fans requesting an autograph; the cards read "This certifies that you have had a personal encounter with me and that you found me warm, polite, intelligent and funny.

Realizing the potential profit in the sale of pop culture autographs, many dealers also would wait for hours for a celebrity to emerge from a location, present several photos for the celebrity to sign and then sell most of them. Michael Jackson's experience was typical; he often signed just a handful of autographs as he rushed from his hotel to his vehicle. Some collectors take note of which celebrities are the most gracious or the least forthcoming.

[8] Some dealers would locate a celebrity's home address and write to them repeatedly asking for autographs. Some celebrities soon grew tired of the practice and limited their responses.

Because of the many autographs a celebrity might sign over time, some check requests against a record of past requests. Boxer George Foreman, for instance, records the names and addresses of every person requesting an autograph to limit such abuses. Some famous people flatly refuse to autograph anything for fans, such as the actors Paul Newman and Greta Garbo, [9] and the aviator Charles A. Celebrities sometimes authorized secretaries to sign their correspondence. In the early months of World War II, U.

Army Chief of Staff George C. Marshall felt obligated to sign every condolence letter sent to the families of slain soldiers. But as the death rate increased, he was forced to assign an assistant to forge his signature to the letters. The surrogate signatures were hard to distinguish from the originals.

General Douglas MacArthur rarely signed a WWII condolence letter personally and all of his letters to families were signed by one of two assistants who tried hard to duplicate his signature but the forged signatures were distinguished by an unusually high letter "l" and a skinny "D". During the early stage of the Korean War, MacArthur personally signed condolence letters. As the fatalities increased, the General began to use letters with pre-printed signatures. Presidential election, General Dwight D. Eisenhower often had secretaries forge his name to campaign letters and "personally inscribed" autographed photographs.

Player signatures on baseballs and footballs that are actually signed by coaches and ballboys are called clubhouse signatures. President Richard Nixon with autopen signature. Since the early 1950s almost all American presidents have had an autopen or robot machine for the automatic signing of a signature as an autograph machine for their letters, photographs, books, official documents, and even memorabilia items such as baseballs and golf balls. Some former presidents even have continued to utilize the autopen after they have left office. The Signa-Signer can even write out in ink an authentically looking handwritten message that has been typed into the machine.

One book detailing the use of this machine by President John F. Kennedy (19611963) is The Robot That Helped to Make a President by Charles Hamilton. Since the 1960s, the practice of using an autopen has spread to U.

Senators, some state governors, and many other personalities who have a high volume of correspondence with the public. Astronaut Alan Shepard acknowledged that NASA used the autopen machine to sign the astronauts' voluminous correspondence. Many large corporations also use these machines for signing business letters. Although autopen signatures should constantly match one another, they will eventually change as the signature drum becomes worn, and thereby alters the signature. The item "2014 ROBERT WOODS AUTO JERSEY PATCH /5 Select Stars rare refractor relic as-rw" is in sale since Saturday, November 23, 2019.

This item is in the category "Sports Mem, Cards & Fan Shop\Sports Trading Cards\Football Cards". The seller is "sidewaysstairsco" and is located in Santa Ana, California. This item can be shipped to United States, Canada, United Kingdom, China, Mexico, Germany, Japan, France, Australia, Russian federation, Denmark, Romania, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Czech republic, Finland, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Estonia, Greece, Portugal, Cyprus, Slovenia, Sweden, South Korea, Indonesia, Taiwan, Thailand, Belgium, Hong Kong, Ireland, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Italy, Austria, Bahamas, Israel, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, Switzerland, Norway, Saudi arabia, United arab emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Croatia, Malaysia, Chile, Costa rica, Dominican republic, Panama, Trinidad and tobago, Guatemala, El salvador, Honduras, Jamaica, Aruba, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Saint kitts and nevis, Turks and caicos islands, Bangladesh, Brunei darussalam, Bolivia, Egypt, French guiana, Guernsey, Gibraltar, Guadeloupe, Iceland, Jersey, Jordan, Cambodia, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, Macao, Martinique, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Paraguay, Uruguay, South africa, Colombia, Antigua and barbuda, Saint lucia, Barbados, Bermuda, Cayman islands, Sri lanka, Maldives, Oman, Reunion, Montserrat.

• Modified Item: Yes
• Country/Region of Manufacture: United States
• Product: Single
• Card Number: #4
• Player: Robert Woods
• Season: 2014
• Card Attributes: Numbered
• Series: 2014 Panini - Select Football
• Grade: Ungraded
• Year: 2014
• Sport: Football
• Professional Grader: Not Professionally Graded
• Modification Description: Autographed.

  Numbered

• Autograph Format: Sticker or Label
• Team: Buffalo Bills
• Card Manufacturer: Panini
• League: NFL
• Era: Modern (1970-Now)
• Original/Reprint: Original
• Autographed: Yes